石油產(chan)品如柴油、汽油、潤滑(hua)油等(deng)通(tong)常(chang)含(han)有(you)酸性成(cheng)分,這(zhe)些(xie)成(cheng)分在(zai)特(te)定條件(jian)下(xia)會(hui)對(dui)金屬設備造成腐蝕,影(ying)響設備的長(chang)期(qi)穩定(ding)運行和(he)安全(quan)性.針(zhen)對(dui)這種情(qing)況山(shan)東盛泰生產(chan)了(le)SD5096石油產(chan)品銅(tong)片(pian)腐蝕儀(yi),這款儀(yi)器是根(gen)據中(zhong)華人民(min)共和(he)國標(biao)準GB/T5096-2017《石油產(chan)品銅(tong)片(pian)腐蝕試(shi)驗法》等(deng)效ASTMD130所規(gui)定的要求(qiu)設計(ji)制(zhi)造(zao)的,適用於(yu)按(an)該標(biao)準所(suo)規(gui)定的試驗(yan)法,評(ping)定航(hang)空汽油、航(hang)空渦(wo)輪(lun)燃(ran)料(liao)、車(che)用汽油、農用拖拉(la)機燃(ran)料(liao)、洗(xi)滌溶劑(ji)、煤(mei)油餾(liu)分燃(ran)料(liao)和(he)潤滑(hua)油等(deng)石油產(chan)品對(dui)銅(tong)片(pian)腐蝕的程(cheng)度。
銅(tong)片(pian)腐蝕測定儀(yi)的具體(ti)實驗(yan)方(fang)法如下(xia):
實(shi)驗(yan)準(zhun)備:
1、用夾(jia)具(ju)縱(zong)向(xiang)夾(jia)緊銅(tong)片(pian),先用比(bi)較(jiao)粗的砂紙(zhi)把銅(tong)片(pian)的瑕疵(ci)去(qu)掉(diao),打磨(mo)完(wan)後用定(ding)量的濾紙(zhi)擦去(qu)銅(tong)片(pian)上的金屬屑,然(ran)後(hou)將(jiang)銅(tong)片(pian)放入(ru)洗(xi)滌溶劑(ji)中(zhong)清洗(xi)後擦(ca)幹(gan)再進(jin)行最後(hou)磨(mo)光。打磨(mo)的銅(tong)片(pian)均要拿(na)鑷(nie)子或(huo)濾(lv)紙來(lai)拿(na),不(bu)可以用手觸摸。
2、用目(mu)數(shu)較(jiao)高的砂紙(zhi)打磨(mo)銅(tong)片(pian)或(huo)用蘸(zhan)了(le)砂粒(li)的脫脂(zhi)棉打磨(mo)銅(tong)的表面(mian),磨(mo)時(shi)盡量沿銅(tong)片(pian)的長(chang)軸(zhou)方(fang)向(xiang)打磨(mo)。
3、在(zai)銅(tong)片(pian)打磨(mo)光亮(liang)後(hou)用脫脂(zhi)棉擦去(qu)金屬屑,銅(tong)片(pian)擦幹(gan)凈後放(fang)入(ru)準備好(hao)的試樣(yang)中(zhong)。
試(shi)驗(yan)過程(cheng):
1、取(qu)樣(yang):取(qu) 30 毫升的試樣(yang)倒入(ru)試驗(yan)試管(guan)中(zhong),試(shi)管(guan)要幹(gan)燥(zao)、清潔。
2、不(bu)同(tong)的試樣(yang)采用不(bu)同(tong)的試驗(yan)步(bu)驟(zhou):
A、 潤滑(hua)油、溶劑(ji)油、煤(mei)油:量取(qu) 30 ml試(shi)樣(yang)倒入(ru)清潔、幹(gan)燥(zao)並帶(dai)有(you)試管(guan)夾(jia)的試管(guan)中(zhong),將(jiang)最後(hou)磨(mo)光、幹(gan)凈的銅(tong)片(pian)放入(ru)該試(shi)管(guan)的試樣(yang)中(zhong),把帶(dai)有(you)試管(guan)夾(jia)的試管(guan)放(fang)到已維(wei)持(chi)在 100±1℃的浴中(zhong),在(zai)浴(yu)中(zhong)放(fang)置(zhi) 3±5 小(xiao)時(shi)後取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)管(guan),檢(jian)查(zha)銅(tong)片(pian)。
B、航(hang)空汽油、噴(pen)氣(qi)燃(ran)料(liao): 量取(qu) 30 ml試(shi)樣(yang)倒入(ru)清潔、幹(gan)燥(zao)的試管(guan)中(zhong),把該(gai)試(shi)管(guan)小(xiao)心(xin)的滑(hua)入(ru)試(shi)驗(yan)彈中(zhong),把彈蓋旋緊,把試(shi)驗(yan)彈完(wan)QUAN放入(ru)已(yi)維(wei)持(chi)在 100±1℃的浴中(zhong),在(zai)浴(yu)中(zhong)放(fang)置(zhi) 2±5 小(xiao)時(shi)後取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)驗(yan)彈,用自(zi)來(lai)水(shui)沖幾分鐘(zhong),打開試(shi)驗(yan)彈,取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)管(guan),檢(jian)查(zha)銅(tong)片(pian)。
C、天然(ran)汽油: 量取(qu) 30m試(shi)樣(yang)倒入(ru)清潔、幹(gan)燥(zao)的試管(guan)中(zhong),把該(gai)試(shi)管(guan)小(xiao)心(xin)的滑(hua)入(ru)試(shi)驗(yan)彈中(zhong),把彈蓋旋緊,把試(shi)驗(yan)彈完(wan)QUAN放入(ru)已(yi)維(wei)持(chi)在 40±1℃的浴中(zhong),在(zai)浴(yu)中(zhong)放(fang)置(zhi) 2±5 小(xiao)時(shi)後取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)驗(yan)彈,用自(zi)來(lai)水(shui)沖幾分鐘(zhong),打開試(shi)驗(yan)彈,取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)管(guan),檢(jian)查(zha)銅(tong)片(pian)。
D、 柴油、燃(ran)料(liao)油、車(che)用汽油: 量取(qu) 30 ml試(shi)樣(yang)倒入(ru)清潔、幹(gan)燥(zao)並帶(dai)有(you)試管(guan)夾(jia)的試管(guan)中(zhong),將(jiang)最後(hou)磨(mo)光、幹(gan)凈的銅(tong)片(pian)放入(ru)該試(shi)管(guan)的試樣(yang)中(zhong),把帶(dai)有(you)試管(guan)夾(jia)的試管(guan)放(fang)到已維(wei)持(chi)在 50±1℃的浴中(zhong),在(zai)浴(yu)中(zhong)放(fang)置(zhi) 3±5 小(xiao)時(shi)後取(qu)出(chu)試(shi)管(guan),檢(jian)查(zha)銅(tong)片(pian)。
銅(tong)片(pian)的檢(jian)查(zha)
1、用鑷(nie)子將銅(tong)片(pian)取(qu)出(chu),可用洗(xi)滌溶劑(ji)洗(xi)去(qu)試樣(yang),也可以用濾(lv)紙(zhi)擦幹(gan)凈銅(tong)片(pian)上的試樣(yang),不(bu)要用手觸摸銅(tong)片(pian)
2、把銅(tong)片(pian)放入(ru)扁(bian)平的觀(guan)察試(shi)管(guan),避(bi)免(mian)夾(jia)持(chi)的銅(tong)片(pian)在檢(jian)查(zha)和(he)比較中(zhong)留(liu)下(xia)斑(ban)跡(ji)和(he)弄臟
3、把銅(tong)片(pian)與腐蝕標(biao)準色板比較,比(bi)較(jiao)時(shi)盡量把銅(tong)片(pian)和(he)腐蝕標(biao)準色板對光線成(cheng) 45°折(zhe)射(she)的方(fang)式(shi)拿(na)持(chi),進(jin)行觀(guan)察
4、根(gen)據腐蝕標(biao)準色板的分級(ji)來(lai)判定試樣(yang)的腐蝕性(xing)
腐蝕標(biao)準色板的分級(ji)
1:輕度變(bian)色:淡(dan)橙(cheng)色,幾乎與新(xin)麼的銅(tong)片(pian)壹樣(yang);深(shen)橙(cheng)色
2:中(zhong)度(du)變(bian)色:紫紅色;淡(dan)紅色;帶(dai)有(you)淡(dan)紫色或(huo)銀色,或(huo)兩(liang)種都(dou)有(you),並分別(bie)覆(fu)蓋在(zai)紫紅色上的多彩色;銀色;黃(huang)銅(tong)色或(huo)金黃(huang)色
3:深(shen)度變(bian)色:洋紅(hong)色覆(fu)蓋在(zai)黃(huang)銅(tong)色上的多彩色;有(you)紅和(he)綠(lv)顯(xian)示(shi)的多彩色(孔雀(que)綠(lv)),但(dan)不(bu)帶(dai)灰(hui)色
4腐蝕:透明的黑色,深(shen)灰(hui)色或(huo)僅(jin)帶(dai)有(you)孔雀(que)綠(lv)的棕(zong)色;石墨(mo)黑色或(huo)無(wu)光澤的黑色;有(you)光澤的黑色或(huo)烏(wu)黑發亮(liang)的黑色。